- 原则:Better to save five lives even if it means to sacrifice one (不成立)
- 【网易评论】 问题是状况1下你只能选择杀1人或杀5人,当然会选杀1人,但状况2下你的选择是杀1人或不杀人,很自然会选不杀人。你不杀人,会有5个人死,但不是因你而死,是因火车司机而死,如果情况2下你是火车司机,你有权让胖子摔下来,你也会选择胖子死而不是工人死的。
1.你是医生,有6个病人,一个重伤,五个轻伤,你选择救一还是救五?
2.同样情况下,五个病人需要器官移植,一个做健康检查,你选择救一还是救五?
= Consequentialist(结果主义):locates morallity in the consequences of an act -【功利主义】边沁
=Categorical(绝对主义): locates morality in certain duties and rights -康德
【2017.2.3】观看进度:第六讲
【2017.2.6】
第二讲:《同类自残案》
边沁:
The right thing, the just thing to do is to maximize utility.(by utility the balance of pleasure over pain)
基本原则:the greatest good for the greatest number.
- 判断再分配公正与否,有两个原则:
1.justice in acquisiton(people get the things they used to make their money fairly)
2.justice in transfer(the distribution arise from the operation of free consent,people buying and trading on the market)
OBJECTIONS TO LIBERTARIANISM
1.The poor need the money more
2.Taxation by consent of the governed is not coerced
3.The successful owe a debt to society